Summary of the 2018 CKM working group on semileptonic and leptonic $b$-hadron decays

A summary of WG II of the CKM 2018 conference on semileptonic and leptonic $b$-hadron decays is presented. This includes discussions on the CKM matrix element magitudes $\mathrm{\mid }{V}_{ub}\mathrm{\mid }$ and $\mathrm{\mid }{V}_{cb}\mathrm{\mid }$, lepton universality tests such as $R(D^{\ast })$ and leptonic decays. As is usual for semileptonic and leptonic decays, much discussion is devoted towards the interplay between theoretical QCD calculations and the experimental measurements.