Rare top quark production and top quark properties in ATLAS and CMS

The production of top quark pairs is one of the most relevant production modes at the LHC, and allow for precise measurement of the properties of this particle. Top quarks are also produced through rarer mechanisms, including the production of multiple top quarks or the associated production of top quarks with electroweak gauge bosons. Although these processes have significantly smaller cross sections, they provide unique sensitivity to the couplings of the top quark and to possible effects of physics beyond the standard model (SM). This contribution reviews recent analyses of rare top quark production performed by the ATLAS and CMS Collaborations.