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The worldline formalism allows one to obtain compact integral representations combining the information of large numbers of Feynman diagrams. However, their analytic calculation leads to a non-standard integration problem for which existing mathematical algorithms are of little help. Here I will summarize the state-of-the-art of worldline integration focusing on examples from QED in vacuum and in constant external fields.

生成讲解博客的中文版本

生成AI智能校验的中文版本