High-speed shear driven dynamos. Part 1. Asymptotic analysis

Rational large Reynolds number matched asymptotic expansions of three-dimensional nonlinear magneto-hydrodynamic (MHD) states are concerned. The nonlinear MHD states, assumed to be predominantly driven by a unidirectional shear, can be sustained without any linear instability of the base flow and hence are responsible for subcritical transition to turbulence. Two classes of nonlinear MHD states are found. The first class of nonlinear states emerged out of a nice combination of the purely hydrodynamic vortex/wave interaction theory by Hall & Smith (1991) and the resonant absorption theories on Alfv'en waves, developed in the solar physics community (e.g. Sakurai et al. 1991; Goossens et al. 1995). Similar to the hydrodynamic theory, the mechanism of the MHD states can be explained by the successive interaction of the roll, streak, and wave fields, which are now defined both for the hydrodynamic and magnetic fields. The derivation of this vortex/Alfv\'en wave interaction' state is rather straightforward as the scalings for both of the hydrodynamic and magnetic fields are identical. It turns out that the leading order magnetic field of the asymptotic states appears only when a small external magnetic field is present. However, it does not mean that purely shear-driven dynamos are not possible. In fact, the second class of self-sustained shear driven dynamo theory’ shows the magnetic generation that is slightly smaller size in the absence of any external field. Despite small size, the magnetic field causes the novel feedback mechanism in the velocity field through resonant absorption, wherein the magnetic wave becomes more strongly amplified than the hydrodynamic counterpart.