The Impact of Neutral Intergalactic Gas on Lyman-$\alpha$ Intensity Mapping During Reionization

We present the first simulations of the high-redshift Ly$\alpha$ intensity field that account for scattering in the intergalactic medium (IGM). Using a 3D Monte Carlo radiative transfer code, we find that Ly$\alpha$ scattering smooths spatial fluctuations in the Ly$\alpha$ intensity on small scales and that the spatial dependence of this smoothing depends strongly on the mean neutral fraction of the IGM. Our simulations find a strong effect of reionization on $k=0.1-1\mathrm{M}\mathrm{p}{\mathrm{c}}^{-1}$, with $P_{\mathrm{L}\mathrm{y}\alpha }\propto k^{-1.75}$ for ${\bar{x}}_{\mathrm{H}\mathrm{I}}=0.63$ and $P_{\mathrm{L}\mathrm{y}\alpha }\propto k^{-2.2}$ for ${\bar{x}}_{\mathrm{H}\mathrm{I}}=0.86$ in contrast to $P_{\mathrm{L}\mathrm{y}\alpha }\propto k^{-1.5}$ after reionization. At wavenumbers of $k>1\mathrm{M}\mathrm{p}{\mathrm{c}}^{-1}$, we find that the signal is sensitive to the emergent Ly$\alpha$ line profiles from galaxies. We also demonstrate that the cross-correlation between a Ly$\alpha$ intensity map and a future galaxy redshift survey could be detected on large scales by an instrument similar to SPHEREx, and over a wide range of scales by a hypothetical intensity mapping instrument in the vein of CDIM.