Charm-strange meson production in ultra-relativistic heavy-ion collisions at the CERN-LHC energies

The nuclear modification factor $R_{\mathrm{A}\mathrm{A}}$ and the elliptic flow coefficient $v_2$ of charm-strange meson $D_s^{+}$ is systematically studied in Pb–Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\mathrm{N}\mathrm{N}}}=5.02\mathrm{T}\mathrm{e}\mathrm{V}$ and $2.76\mathrm{T}\mathrm{e}\mathrm{V}$. During the modeling, the coupling strength between the injected charm quark and the incident medium constituents, is extracted from the lattice QCD calculations: $2\pi T{D}_s=7$ ($\mathbf{\text{Model-A}}$) and $2\pi TD_{s}=1.3 + (T/T_{c})^2$(\mathbf{\text{Model-B}})\mathrm{.}Wefindthat,comparing${R}{\rm AA}(D^{+}{s})$with${R}{\rm AA}(non-strange)$, the heavy-light coalescence effect is more pronounced for the former one, resulting in an enhancement behavior in the range $2\lesssim p_{\mathrm{T}}\lesssim 5\mathrm{G}\mathrm{e}\mathrm{V}$. The predictions of $R_{\mathrm{A}\mathrm{A}}(D_s^{+})$ and $R_{\mathrm{A}\mathrm{A}}(non-strange)$ favor Model-A to have a better description of the measured $p_{\mathrm{T}}$ dependence in both energies, while their $v_2$ prefer Model-B at moderate $p_{\mathrm{T}}$ ($2\lesssim p_{\mathrm{T}}\lesssim 4\mathrm{G}\mathrm{e}\mathrm{V}$). Therefore, it is necessary to consider the temperature- and/or momentum-dependence of $2\pi TD{s}$todescribesimultaneously${R}{\rm AA}(D^{+}{s})$and${v}{\rm 2}(D^{+}{s})$ in different centrality classes in Pb–Pb collisions.