Excess charges as a probe of one-dimensional topological crystalline insulating phases

We show that in conventional one-dimensional insulators excess charges created close to the boundaries of the system can be expressed in terms of the Berry phases associated with the electronic Bloch wave functions. Using this correspondence, we uncover a link between excess charges and the topological invariants of the recently classified one-dimensional topological phases protected by spatial symmetries. Excess charges can be thus used as a probe of crystalline topologies.