Microfluidization of graphite and formulation of graphene-based conductive inks

We report the exfoliation of graphite in aqueous solutions under high shear rate [$\sim {10}^8{s}^{-1}$] turbulent flow conditions, with a 100% exfoliation yield. The material is stabilized without centrifugation at concentrations up to 100 g/L using carboxymethylcellulose sodium salt to formulate conductive printable inks. The sheet resistance of blade coated films is below$\sim 2\mathrm{\Omega }\mathrm{/}\mathrm{\square }$. This is a simple and scalable production route for graphene-based conductive inks for large area printing in flexible electronics.