Surface plastic flow in polishing of rough surfaces

We report electron microscopy observations of the surface plastic flow in polishing of rough metal surfaces with a controlled spherical asperity structure. We show that asperity–abrasive sliding contacts exhibit viscous behavior, where the material flows in the form of thin fluid-like layers. Subsequent bridging of these layers among neighboring asperities result in progressive surface smoothening. Our study provides new phenomenological insights into the long-debated mechanism of polishing. The observations are of broad relevance in tribology and materials processing.