Generation and Coherent Control of Dark-State Spatial Modes

The generation and dynamic control of the spatial mode of the dark-state polarization using electromagnetically induced transparency are theoretically investigated. We demonstrate that a combination of synthetic scalar and vector potentials can be employed to engineer discrete spatial modes of the dark state polariton, enabling quantum interference among these modes. We verify this concept by showing the Rabi oscillation between two spatial modes and stimulated Raman adiabatic passage among $\mathrm{\Lambda }$-type three modes. Our approach allows for the reallocation of stored photonic data from one location to another, presenting potential applications such as photonic memory optimization and retrieved light modulation.