Fibration and classification of smooth projective toric varieties of low Picard number

In this paper we show that a smooth toric variety $X$ of Picard number $r\leq 3$ always admits a nef primitive collection supported on a hyperplane admitting non-trivial intersection with the cone $\text{Nef}(X)$ of numerically effective divisors and cutting a facet of the pseudo-effective cone $\text{Eff}(X)$, that is $\text{Nef}(X)\cap \mathrm{\partial }\overline{\text{Eff}}(X)\mathrm{\ne }\{0\}$. In particular this means that $X$ admits non-trivial and non-big numerically effective divisors. Geometrically this guarantees the existence of a fiber type contraction morphism over a smooth toric variety of dimension and Picard number lower than those of $X$, so giving rise to a classification of smooth and complete toric varieties with $r\le 3$. Moreover we revise and improve results of Oda-Miyake by exhibiting an extension of the above result to projective, toric, varieties of dimension $n=3$ and Picard number $r=4$, allowing us to classifying all these threefolds. We then improve results of Fujino-Sato, by presenting sharp (counter)examples of smooth, projective, toric varieties of any dimension $n\ge 4$ and Picard number $r=4$ whose non-trivial nef divisors are big, that is $\text{Nef}(X)\cap \mathrm{\partial }\overline{\text{Eff}}(X)=\{0\}$. Producing those examples represents an important goal of computational techniques in definitely setting an open geometric problem. In particular, for $n=4$, the given example turns out to be a weak Fano toric fourfold of Picard number 4.