Betti Numbers of Negatively Curved Orbifolds with Coefficients in Arbitrary Fields

We show that the Betti numbers of finite-volume negatively curved orbifolds grow at most linearly with the volume, with coefficients in an arbitrary field. In particular, this gives a linear bound for the Betti numbers of finite-volume hyperbolic orbifolds over ${\mathbb{F}}_p$. This extends a theorem of Gromov from manifolds to orbifolds in negative curvature, and answers a question of Samet, by strengthening his theorem from characteristic $0$ to arbitrary characteristic. The key new input is a quantitative bound on the homology of spherical quotients.