Affleck-Dine baryogenesis with R-parity violation

We investigate whether the baryon asymmetry of the universe is explained in the framework of the supersymmetric extension of the Standard Model with R-parity violating interactions. It is shown that the Affleck-Dine mechanism naturally works via a trilinear interaction $LL{E}^c$, $LQ{D}^c$, or $U^c{D}^c{D}^c$, if the magnitude of the coupling corresponding to the operator $\lambda$, ${\lambda }^{\mathrm{\prime }}$, or ${\lambda }^{\mathrm{\prime }\mathrm{\prime }}$ is sufficiently small. The formation of Q-balls and their subsequent evolution are also discussed. The present baryon asymmetry can be explained in the parameter region where R-parity is mildly violated ${10}^{-9}\lesssim \lambda ,{\lambda }^{\mathrm{\prime }},{\lambda }^{\mathrm{\prime }\mathrm{\prime }}\lesssim {10}^{-6}$ and the mass of the gravitino is relatively heavy $m_{3\mathrm{/}2}\gtrsim {10}^4\mathrm{G}\mathrm{e}\mathrm{V}$. On the other hand, it is difficult to explain the present baryon asymmetry for larger values of R-parity violating couplings $\lambda ,{\lambda }^{\mathrm{\prime }},{\lambda }^{\mathrm{\prime }\mathrm{\prime }}\gtrsim {10}^{-5}$, since Q-balls are likely to be destructed in the thermal environment and the primordial baryon number is washed away.