General orbital perturbation theory in Schwarzschild space-time

We derive general relativistic Gaussian equations for osculating elements for orbits under the influence of a perturbing force without any restrictions in an underlying Schwarzschild space-time. Such a formulation provides a way to describe the evolution of orbital parameters in strong gravity relativistic settings. As examples of external forces we considered Kerr and $q$-metric space-times generated forces, for which we solve equations for osculating elements in linear approximation. For the Kerr space-time in the post-Newtonian limit, our result reproduces the well-known Lense–Thirring precession of the longitude of the ascending node.