Strong Coupling of the Iron-Quadrupole and Anion-Dipole Polarizations in Ba(Fe$_{1-x}$Co$_x$)$_2$As$_2$

We use a quantitative convergent beam electron diffraction (CBED) based method to image the valence electron density distribution in Ba(Fe $_{1 - x}$ Co $_{x}$ ) $_{2}$ As $_{2}$ . We show a remarkable increase in both the charge quadrupole of the Fe cations and the charge dipole of the arsenic anions upon Co doping from $x = 0$ ( $T_{c} = 0$ K) to $x = 0.1$ ( $T_{c} = 22.5$ K). Our data suggest that an unexpected electronic correlation effect, namely strong coupling of Fe orbital fluctuation and anion electronic polarization, is present in iron-based superconductors.

Strong Coupling of the Iron-Quadrupole and Anion-Dipole Polarizations in Ba(Fe $_{1 - x}$ Co $_{x}$ ) $_{2}$ As $_{2}$

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Strong Coupling of the Iron-Quadrupole and Anion-Dipole Polarizations in Ba(Fe $_{1 - x}$ Co $_{x}$ ) $_{2}$ As $_{2}$

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Strong Coupling of the Iron-Quadrupole and Anion-Dipole Polarizations in Ba(Fe1−x1−x​Coxx​)22​As22​

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Strong Coupling of the Iron-Quadrupole and Anion-Dipole Polarizations in Ba(Fe1−x1−x​Coxx​)22​As22​

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Strong Coupling of the Iron-Quadrupole and Anion-Dipole Polarizations in Ba(Fe $_{1 - x}$ Co $_{x}$ ) $_{2}$ As $_{2}$

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Strong Coupling of the Iron-Quadrupole and Anion-Dipole Polarizations in Ba(Fe $_{1 - x}$ Co $_{x}$ ) $_{2}$ As $_{2}$

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