The Roper Resonance $N^{\ast }(1440)$ in Nucleon-Nucleon Collisions and the Issue of Dibaryons

In many reactions leading to excitations of the nucleon the Roper resonance $N^{\ast }(1440)$ can be sensed only by complex partial-wave analyses. In nucleon-nucleon collisions the isoscalar single-pion production as well as specific two-pion production channels present the Roper excitation free of competing resonance processes at a mass of 1370 MeV and a width of 150 MeV. A detailed analysis points to the formation of $N^{\ast }(1440)N$ dibaryonic systems during the nucleon-nucleon collision process similar to what is known from the $\mathrm{\Delta }(1232)N$ threshold.