Effects of Annealing under Tellurium Vapor for Fe${}_{1.03}$Te${}_{0.8}$Se${}_{0.2}$ Single Crystals

In this study, the effects of annealing under tellurium vapor have been investigated for Fe${}_{1.03}$Te${}_{0.8}$Se${}_{0.2}$ single crystals. The as-grown crystal is not superconducting. After annealing it at 400 ${}^{\circ }$C for 250 h in tellurium (Te) vapor, it shows metallic resistivity temperature dependence below 150 K and a sharp superconducting transition at 13 K. The sample also shows a full magnetic shielding effect at low temperatures. The improvement in superconductivity has been attributed to the removal of excess Fe, which is inevitably incorporated in the as-grown crystals, by the annealing.