Using the de Haas-van Alphen effect to map out the closed three-dimensional Fermi surface of natural graphite

The Fermi surface of graphite has been mapped out using de Haas van Alphen (dHvA) measurements at low temperature with in-situ rotation. For tilt angles $\theta >{60}^{\circ }$ between the magnetic field and the c-axis, the majority electron and hole dHvA periods no longer follow the $\cos (\theta )$ behavior demonstrating that graphite has a 3 dimensional closed Fermi surface. The Fermi surface of graphite is accurately described by highly elongated ellipsoids. A comparison with the calculated Fermi surface suggests that the SWM trigonal warping parameter ${\gamma }_3$ is significantly larger than previously thought.