Equilibrium circular photogalvanic effect in a hybrid superconductor-semiconductor system

A dc electric current can be induced in a hybrid semiconductor-superconductor system under illumination it by a circularly polarized light with the frequency below the energy of semiconductor interband transitions. In conditions when the light beam is unable to create real electron-hole excitations, this phenomenon is reminiscent of the Meissner effect in the static magnetic field. Such an effect can be employed in systems combining cavity photons and superconducting quantum circuits.