Is Dark Energy Dynamical in the DESI Era? A Critical Review

We investigate whether the recent DESI DR2 measurements provide or not evidences for dynamical dark energy by exploring the ${\omega }_0{\omega }_a$CDM model and its extensions with free $\sum m_{\nu }$ and $N_{\mathrm{e}\mathrm{f}\mathrm{f}}$. Using a comprehensive MCMC analysis with a wide range of cosmological datasets including DESI~DR2 BAO and Ly$\alpha$ data, CMB compressed likelihoods, BBN, cosmic chronometers, and multiple Type~Ia supernova compilations, we assess the statistical preference for departures from $\mathrm{\Lambda }$CDM.