Impurity transport in ITG and TE mode dominated turbulence

In the present study, turbulent impurity transport in Deuterium tokamak plasmas, driven by Ion Temperature Gradient (ITG) and Trapped Electron (TE) modes, has been investigated using fluid and gyrokinetic models. The impurity diffusivity ($D_Z$) and convective velocity ($V_Z$) are calculated, and from these the zero-flux peaking factor ($P{F}_0$) is derived. This quantity expresses the impurity density gradient at which the convective and diffusive transport of impurities are exactly balanced. The sign of $P{F}_0$ is of special interest, as it determines whether the impurities are subject to an inward ($P{F}_0>0$) or outward ($P{F}_0<0$) pinch.