Natural Convection Heat Transfer from an Inclined Cylinder

Based on Jaffer’s (2023) heat engine analysis of natural convection, this investigation mathematically derives a novel, comprehensive formula predicting the natural convective heat transfer from an inclined cylinder given its length, diameter, angle, and Rayleigh number, and the fluid’s Prandtl number and thermal conductivity. The present formula was tested with 116 inclined cylinder measurements having length-to-diameter ratios between 1.48 and 12500 in ten data-sets from four peer-reviewed studies, yielding (data-set) root-mean-squared relative error values between 1.0% and 4.7%.