Energy representation for out-of-equilibrium Brownian-like systems: steady states and fluctuation relations

Stochastic dynamics in the energy representation is employed as a method to study non-equilibrium Brownian-like systems. It is shown that the equation of motion for the energy of such systems can be taken in the form of the Langevin equation with multiplicative noise. Properties of the steady states are examined by solving the Fokker-Planck equation for the energy distribution functions. The generalized integral fluctuation theorem is deduced for the systems characterized by the shifted probability flux operator. There are a number of entropy and fluctuation relations such as the Hatano-Sasa identity and the Jarzynski’s equality that follow from this theorem.