Axion Search with Q & A Experiment

Dark matter is a focused issue in galactic evolution and cosmology. Axion is a viable particle candidate for dark matter. Its interaction with photon is an effective way to detect it, e.g., pseudoscalar-photon interaction will generate vacuum dichroism in a magnetic field. Motivated to measure the QED vacuum birefringence and to detect pseudoscalar-photon interaction, we started to build up the Q & A experiment (QED [Quantum Electrodynamics] and Axion experiment) in 1994. In this talk, we first give a brief historical account of planet hunting and dark matter evidence. We then review our 3.5 m Fabry-Perot interferometer together with our results of measuring vacuum dichroism and gaseous Cotton-Mouton effects. Our first results give (-0.2 $\pm$ 2.8) $\times$ 10${}^{-13}$ rad/pass, at 2.3 T with 18,700 passes through a 0.6 m long magnet, for vacuum dichroism measurement. We are upgrading our interferometer to 7 m arm-length with a new 1.8 m 2.3 T permanent magnet capable of rotation up to 13 cycles per second. We aim at 10 nrad/Hz${}^{1\mathrm{/}2}$ optical sensitivity with 532 nm cavity finesse around 100,000. When achieved, vacuum dichroism would be measured to 8.6 $\times$ 10${}^{-17}$ rad/pass in about 50 days, and QED birefringence would be measured to 28 %.