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2009-12-22
Radiation hardness qualification of PbWO4 scintillation crystals for the CMS Electromagnetic Calorimeter
The CMS Electromagnetic Calorimeter GroupP. AdzicN. AlmeidaD. AndelinI. AnicinZ. AntunovicR. ArcidiaconoM. W. ArentonE. AuffrayS. ArgiroA. AskewS. BaccaroS. BaffioniM. BalazsD. BandurinD. BarneyL. M. BaroneA. BartoloniC. BatyS. BeauceronK. W. BellC. BernetM. BesanconB. BetevR. BeuselinckC. BiinoJ. BlahaP. BlochA. BorisevitchA. BornheimJ. BourotteR. M. BrownM. BuehlerP. BussonB. CamanziT. CamporesiN. CartigliaF. CavallariA. CeciliaP. ChangY. H. ChangC. CharlotE. A. ChenW. T. ChenZ. ChenR. ChipauxB. C. ChoudharyR. K. ChoudhuryD. J. A. CockerillS. ConettiS. CooperF. CossuttiB. CoxD. G. CussansI. DafineiD. R. Da Silva Di CalafioriG. DaskalakisA. DavidK. DeitersM. DejardinA. De BenedettiG. Della RiccaD. Del ReD. DenegriP. DepasseJ. DescampsM. DiemozE. Di MarcoG. DissertoriM. DittmarL. DjambazovM. DjordjevicL. DobrzynskiA. DolgopolovS. DrndarevicG. DrobychevD. DuttaM. DzelalijaA. Elliott-PeisertH. El MamouniI. EvangelouB. FabbroJ. L. FaureJ. FayA. FedorovF. FerriD. FranciG. FranzoniK. FreudenreichW. FunkS. GanjourS. GasconM. GataullinF. X. GentitA. GhezziA. GivernaudS. GninenkoA. GoB. GobboN. GodinovicN. GolubevP. GovoniN. GrantP. GrasM. HaguenauerG. Hamel de MonchenaultM. HansenJ. HauptH. F. HeathB. HeltsleyW. HintzR. HiroskyP. R. HobsonA. HonmaG. W. S. HouY. HsiungM. HuhtinenB. IlleQ. IngramA. InyakinP. JarryC. JessopD. JovanovicK. KaadzeV. KachanovS. KailasS. K. KatariaB. W. KennedyP. KokkasT. KolbergM. KorjikN. KrasnikovD. KrpicY. KubotaC. M. KuoP. KyberdA. KyriakisM. LebeauP. LecomteP. LecoqA. LedovskoyM. LethuillierS. W. LinW. LinV. LitvineE. LocciE. LongoD. LoukasP. D. LuckeyW. LustermannY. MaM. MalbertiJ. MalclèsD. MaleticN. ManthosY. MaravinC. MarchicaN. MarinelliA. MarkouC. MarkouM. MaroneV. MatveevC. MavrommatisP. MeridianiP. MilenovicP. MinéO. MissevitchA. K. MohantyF. MoortgatP. MusellaY. MusienkoA. NardulliJ. NashP. NedelecP. NegriH. B. NewmanA. NikitenkoF. Nessi-TedaldiM. M. ObertinoG. OrgantiniT. OrimotoM. PaganoniP. PaganiniA. PalmaL. PantA. PapadakisI. PapadakisI. PapadopoulosR. ParamattiP. ParrachoN. PastroneJ. R. PattersonF. PaussJ-P. PeigneuxE. PetrakouD. G. Phillips IIP. PirouéF. PtochosI. PuljakA. PulliaT. PunzJ. PuzovicS. RagazziS. RahatlouJ. RanderP. A. RazisN. RedaelliD. RenkerS. ReucroftP. RibeiroC. RoganM. RonquestA. RosowskyC. RovelliP. RumerioR. RusackS. V. RusakovM. J. RyanL. SalaR. SalernoM. SchneegansC. SeezP. SharpC. H. Shepherd-ThemistocleousJ. G. ShiuR. K. ShivpuriP. ShuklaC. SiamitrosD. SillouJ. SilvaP. SilvaA. SingovskyY. SiroisA. SirunyanV. J. SmithF. StöckliJ. SwainT. Tabarelli de FatisM. TakahashiV. TanciniO. TellerK. TheofilatosC. ThiebauxV. TimciucC. TimlinM. TitovA. TopkarF. A. TriantisS. TroshinN. TyurinK. UenoA. UzunianJ. VarelaP. VerrecchiaJ. VeverkaT. VirdeeM. WangD. WardropeM. WeberJ. WengJ. H. WilliamsY. YangI. YaselliR. YohayA. ZabiS. ZelepoukineJ. ZhangL. Y. ZhangK. ZhuR. Y. Zhu
文献摘要
Ensuring the radiation hardness of PbWO4 crystals was one of the main priorities during the construction of the electromagnetic calorimeter of the CMS experiment at CERN. The production on an industrial scale of radiation hard crystals and their certification over a period of several years represented a difficult challenge both for CMS and for the crystal suppliers. The present article reviews the related scientific and technological problems encountered.
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