Measurements of Charged Current Lepton Universality and $\mathrm{\mid }{V}_{us}\mathrm{\mid }$ using Tau Lepton Decays to $e^{-}{\bar{\nu }}_e{\nu }_{\tau }$, ${\mu }^{-}{\bar{\nu }}_{\mu }{\nu }_{\tau }$, ${\pi }^{-}{\nu }_{\tau }$, and ${\text{K}}^{-}{\nu }_{\tau }$

Using 467 $f{b}^{-1}$ of $e^{+}{e}^{-}$ annihilation data collected with the BaBar detector, we measure $\frac{{\cal{B}}(\tau^- \to \mu^- \bar{\nu}\mu \nu\tau)}{{\cal{B}}(\tau^- \to e^- \bar{\nu}e \nu\tau)} = (0.9796 \pm 0.0016 \pm 0.0036)$,$\frac{{\cal{B}}(\tau^- \to \pi^- \nu_\tau)}{{\cal{B}}(\tau^- \to e^- \bar{\nu}e \nu\tau)} = (0.5945 \pm 0.0014 \pm 0.0061)$,and$\frac{{\cal{B}}(\tau^- \to \K^- \nu_\tau)}{{\cal{B}}(\tau^- \to e^- \bar{\nu}e \nu\tau)} = (0.03882 \pm 0.00032 \pm 0.00057)$, where the uncertainties are statistical and systematic, respectively. From these precision $\tau$ measurements, we test the Standard Model assumption of $\mu$-$e$ and $\tau$-$\mu$ charge current lepton universality and provide determinations of $\mathrm{\mid }{V}_{us}\mathrm{\mid }$ experimentally independent of the decay of a kaon and which we compare with the value predicted from the unitarity of the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa matrix.