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One of the benchmark analyses to be performed with the first data at the CERN Large Hadron Collider will be the measurement of the Z boson transverse momentum spectrum. In this article, I present a prospective analysis for this measurement in the dimuon channel on the ATLAS experiment. The analysis uses simulated datasets at a center-of-mass energy of 10 TeV. After summarizing the motivations for the measurement, I discuss the Z boson selection criteria, possible physics backgrounds, and background removal techniques with a focus on data-driven background determination. I conclude with an outlook toward the collision data expected in 2009-10.

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