Flavor Asymmetry of the Nucleon Sea and W Boson Production

The advantage and feasibility of using $W$-boson production to extract unique information on the flavor asymmetry of the $\bar{u}$ and $\bar{d}$ sea-quark distributions in the proton are examined. The $W^{+}$ and $W^{-}$ production cross section ratios in $p+p$ collisions are shown to be sensitive to the $\bar d/ \bar u$ ratios, and they are free from charge-symmetry-breaking and nuclear-binding effects. The feasibility for measuring these ratios at the RHIC and LHC proton-proton colliders, as well as the expected sensitivity to the $\bar{d}\mathrm{/}\bar{u}$ ratios, are also presented.