Real-space Condensation in Stochastic Mass Transport Models

The phenomenon of real-space condensation is encountered in a variety of situations such as aggregation and fragmentation processes, granular clustering, phase separation, traffic and networks. Unlike traditional Bose-Einstein condensation in the momentum space, a condensate in these systems forms in real space, e.g., upon increasing the density beyond a critical value a macroscopically large mass/cluster may form at a single site on a lattice. In this brief review, I discuss some recent developments in understanding the physical and mathematical mechanism behind this real-space condensation in a class of simple stochastic mass transport models.