Some Characterizations of Domination

We show that a cocycle has a dominated splitting if and only if there is a uniform exponential gap between singular values of its iterates. Then we consider sets $\mathrm{\Sigma }$ in $GL(d,\mathbb{R})$ with the property that any cocycle with values in $\mathrm{\Sigma }$ has a dominated splitting. We characterize these sets in terms of existence of invariant multicones, thus extending a 2-dimensional result by Avila, Bochi, and Yoccoz. We give an example showing how these multicones can fail to have convexity properties.