The Inductive Kernels of Graphs

It is well known that kernels in graphs are powerful and useful structures, for instance in the theory of games. However, a kernel does not always exist and Chv'atal proved in 1973 that it is an NP-Complete problem to decide its existence. We present here an alternative definition of kernels that uses an inductive machinery : the inductive kernels. We prove that inductive kernels always exist and a particular one can be constructed in quadratic time. However, it is an NP-Complete problem to decide the existence of an inductive kernel including (resp. excluding) some fixed vertex.