Let (M,g,\si) be a compact spin manifold of dimension n≥2. Let
λ1+(g~) be the smallest positive eigenvalue of the Dirac
operator in the metric g~∈[g] conformal to g. We then define
$\lamin(M,[g],\si) = \inf_{\tilde{g} \in [g]} \lambda_1^+(\tilde{g})
\Vol(M,\tilde{g})^{1/n} .Weshowthat0< \lamin(M,[g],\si) \leq
\lamin(\mS^n). . We find sufficient
conditions for which we obtain strict inequality $\lamin(M,[g],\si) <
\lamin(\mS^n)$. This strict inequality has applications to conformal spin
geometry.
Soit (M,g,\si) une vari'et'e spinorielle compacte de dimension $n \geq
2.\tilde{g} \in [g]estunemeˊtriqueconformeaˋg,Onnote\lambda_1^+(\tilde{g})lapluspetitevaleurpropre>0$ de l’op'erateur de
Dirac dans la m'etrique g~∈[g] conforme `a g. On d'efinit
$\lamin(M,[g],\si) = \inf_{\tilde{g} \in [g]} \lambda_1^+(\tilde{g})
\Vol(M,\tilde{g})^{1/n} .Onmontreque0< \lamin(M,[g],\si) \leq
\lamin(\mS^n). On trouve des conditions
suffisantes pour lesquelles on obtient l’in'egalit'e stricte
\lamin(M,[g],\si)<\lamin(\mSn). Cette in'egalit'e stricte a des
applications en g'eom'etrie spinorielle conforme.