Field-induced incommensurate--commensurate transitions in anisotropic magnets

We study field-induced incommensurate–commensurate transitions (ICTs) in classical spin chains with Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction (DMI) $D$, strong easy-plane anisotropy, and weak easy-axis anisotropy $A$ within the easy plane. This model describes systems with ferromagnetic layers coupled by exchange interaction with DMI. The magnetic field $\mathbf{H}$ is applied in the easy plane at an arbitrary angle $\delta$ to the easy axis stabilizing a soliton lattice in the ground state. We consider ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic in-chain exchange interactions within the continuum limit and show that the easy-axis anisotropy leads to qualitatively different effects in these two cases: the ferromagnetic chain is described by a double-sine-Gordon-type equation with phase-shifted harmonics, whereas the antiferromagnetic chain reduces to a sine-Gordon equation. For the latter case, phase boundaries between incommensurate and commensurate states are found analytically in $(H,A,D,\delta )$ space and confirmed by numerical calculations for certain $D$ and $\delta$ values. Close to all ICTs, results of the continuum consideration become invalid due to a stochastic destruction of near-separatrix solutions which either make an ICT a first-order transition or stabilize states with spatially irregular soliton and antisoliton arrangements.