C1 Virtual Element Methods for the Optimal Control of Oseen Equations with Stream-Function Formulation

This work analyzes a $C^1$-conforming virtual element method for the optimal control of generalized Oseen equations, formulated using the stream-function on simply connected polygonal domains. The method is based on a conforming discretization in $H^2$ of arbitrary order $k\ge 2$. The discrete scheme considers an approximation of the state and co-state equations which involves a specifically designed operator for the convective term and a $\mathit{\text{variational}}\mathit{\text{discretization}}$ of the control variable. We derive quasi-optimal a priori error estimates in the $H^1$ and $H^2$-norms for the stream-function, and in the $L^2$-norm for the control, under standard assumptions on the family of polygonal meshes. The proposed method recovers the fluid velocity, vorticity, and pressure using suitable projections. Finally, we report several numerical experiments to support the theoretical findings using different polygonal meshes including the cavity problem. We highlight that this analysis also covers OCPs governed by Brinkman and Stokes equation.