Uniqueness of Leray-Hopf weak solutions to the two-dimensional viscous Primitive Equations

Global existence of Leray-Hopf (type) weak solutions to the viscous primitive equations in two or three dimensions was established by Lions–Temam–Wang \cite{Lions1,Lions2,Lions3,Lions4} in the 1990s; however, the corresponding uniqueness, no matter in two or three dimensions, has been a long standing open problem since then. In this paper, we solve this open problem in the two-dimensional case. Precisely, we prove the uniqueness of Leray-Hopf weak solutions, with arbitrary $L^2$ initial data, to the viscous primitive equations in a periodic channel, subject to impermeability and stress-free boundary conditions on the solid boundaries.