Electromagnetic isospin breaking in hadronic vacuum polarization within a VMD model

One of the challenging components of modern lattice-QCD computations of the leading hadronic vacuum polarization contribution to the muon $(g-2{)}_{\mu }$ is the isospin-breaking correction due to electromagnetism. Dominated by long distances, this correction suffers from severe signal-to-noise issues and finite-volume effects. To provide infinite-volume benchmarks for various quark-level Wick contractions, we estimate their sizes phenomenologically at the physical point, using a previously developed vector-meson-dominance model. The pion contributions in this model sum to around $-7.1\times {10}^{-10}$, dominated by the electromagnetic pion mass shift. The ultraviolet-finite (2+2)a (“dumbbell”) contraction accounts for approximately two thirds of this model sum; for both, about 30% comes from Euclidean times beyond 2.8 fm.