The Trudinger inequality is true for $M^{1,s}$ spaces

We prove the Trudinger inequality with exponent $\frac{s}{s-1}$ for $M^{1,s}$ Sobolev spaces on metric measure spaces under the sole measure growth assumption $\mu (B(x,r))\ge b{r}^s$. This improves the previously known exponential integrability with power one. Our argument also yields sharp asymptotic bounds for the Sobolev constants as $p\uparrow s$. On doubling spaces, we further remove the connectedness assumption from the Trudinger inequality associated with a $(1,p)$-Poincaré inequality when $p<s$. An Ahlfors regular counterexample shows that this extension fails at the critical exponent $p=s$.