Weighted centro-affine Poincaré inequalities

We obtain weighted centro-affine Bochner formulas on spherical caps associated with smooth strictly convex hypersurfaces. As a consequence, we prove weighted Poincaré inequalities on caps and on intersections of caps for a class of weights depending on the position vector $X$ of the hypersurface. In the unconditional case, we obtain a centro-affine Poincaré inequality with weight $\mathrm{\mid }X{\mathrm{\mid }}^2$, which is used to prove a Brunn–Minkowski inequality for the $(n+2)$-nd dual quermassintegral. We also establish an $L_0$-Brunn–Minkowski inequality for the $q$-th dual quermassintegral for $q\in (0,n)$, with equality only for dilates, and an $L_p$-Brunn–Minkowski inequality for $q=n+\alpha$ whenever $$0<\alpha \le \frac{2p(1-p)}{2-p},$$ which in particular covers the range $q\in (n,n+6-4\sqrt{2}]$ for suitable $p\in (0,1)$. These Brunn–Minkowski inequalities imply weighted centro-affine Poincaré inequalities and uniqueness results for the $L_{p,q}$-Minkowski problem in the unconditional class. Our main contribution is the introduction of a flat logarithmic centro-affine geometry on the positive orthant $(0,\mathrm{\infty }{)}^n$, adapted to the multiplicative structure of the $L_0$-sum. In this geometry, a Bochner formula yields a sharp Poincaré inequality, as well as a new proof of the centro-affine Poincaré inequality with constant $n$ due to Kolesnikov–Milman, for unconditional bodies and unconditional functions.